archive_read_support_format_tar(3)
NAME
archive_read_new, archive_read_set_bytes_per_block, archive_read_support_compression_all, archive_read_support_compression_bzip2, archive_read_support_compression_compress, archive_read_support_compression_gzip, archive_read_support_compression_none, archive_read_support_format_all, archive_read_support_format_cpio, archive_read_support_format_iso9660, archive_read_support_format_tar, archive_read_support_format_zip, archive_read_open, archive_read_open_fd, archive_read_open_file, archive_read_next_header, archive_read_data, archive_read_data_block, archive_read_data_skip, archive_read_data_into_buffer, archive_read_data_into_fd, archive_read_extract, archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback, archive_read_close, archive_read_finish -- functions for reading streaming archives
SYNOPSIS
#include <archive.h> struct archive * archive_read_new(void); int archive_read_set_bytes_per_block(struct archive *, int); int archive_read_support_compression_all(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_compression_bzip2(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_compression_compress(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_compression_gzip(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_compression_none(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_format_all(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_format_cpio(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_format_iso9660(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_format_tar(struct archive *); int archive_read_support_format_zip(struct archive *); int archive_read_open(struct archive *, void *client_data, size_t block_size); int archive_read_next_header(struct archive *, struct archive_entry **); ssize_t archive_read_data(struct archive *, void *buff, size_t len); int archive_read_data_block(struct archive *, const void **buff, size_t *len, off_t *offset); int archive_read_data_skip(struct archive *); int archive_read_data_into_buffer(struct archive *, void *); int archive_read_data_into_fd(struct archive *, int fd); int archive_read_extract(struct archive *, struct archive_entry *, int flags); void archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback(struct archive *, void (*func)(void *), void *user_data); int archive_read_close(struct archive *); void archive_read_finish(struct archive *);
DESCRIPTION
These functions provide a complete API for reading streaming archives. The general process is to first create the struct archive object, set options, initialize the reader, iterate over the archive headers and associated data, then close the archive and release all resources. The following summary describes the functions in approximately the order they would be used: archive_read_new() Allocates and initializes a struct archive object suitable for reading from an archive. archive_read_set_bytes_per_block() Sets the block size used for reading the archive data. This con- trols the size that will be used when invoking the read callback function. The default is 20 records or 10240 bytes for tar for- mats. archive_read_support_compression_all(), archive_read_support_compression_bzip2(), archive_read_support_compression_compress(), archive_read_support_compression_gzip(), archive_read_support_compression_none() Enables auto-detection code and decompression support for the specified compression. Note that ``none'' is always enabled by default. For convenience, archive_read_support_compression_all() of standard tar formats, old-style tar, ustar, pax interchange format, and many common variants. For convenience, archive_read_support_format_all() enables support for all avail- able formats. Note that there is no default. archive_read_open() Freeze the settings, open the archive, and prepare for reading entries. This is the most generic version of this call, which accepts three callback functions. Most clients will want to use archive_read_open_file() or archive_read_open_fd() instead. The library invokes the client-provided functions to obtain raw bytes from the archive. Note: The API permits a decompression method to fork and invoke the callbacks from another process. Although none of the current decompression methods use this technique, future decompression methods may utilize this technique. If the decompressor forks, it will ensure that the open and close call- backs are invoked within the same process as the read callback. In particular, clients should not attempt to use shared variables to communicate between the open/read/close callbacks and the mainline code. archive_read_open_fd() Like archive_read_open(), except that it accepts a file descrip- tor and block size rather than a trio of function pointers. Note that the file descriptor will not be automatically closed at end- of-archive. archive_read_open_file() Like archive_read_open(), except that it accepts a simple file- name and a block size. A NULL filename represents standard input. archive_read_next_header() Read the header for the next entry and return a pointer to a struct archive_entry. archive_read_data() Read data associated with the header just read. Internally, this is a convenience function that calls archive_read_data_block() and fills any gaps with nulls so that callers see a single con- tinuous stream of data. archive_read_data_block() Return the next available block of data for this entry. Unlike archive_read_data(), the archive_read_data_block() function avoids copying data and allows you to correctly handle sparse files, as supported by some archive formats. The library gauran- tees that offsets will increase and that blocks will not overlap. Note that the blocks returned from this function can be much larger than the block size read from disk, due to compression and internal buffer optimizations. archive_read_data_skip() A convenience function that repeatedly calls archive_read_data_block() to skip all of the data for this ar- chive entry. archive_read_data_into_buffer() A convenience function that repeatedly calls archive_read_data_block() to copy the entire entry into the client-supplied buffer. Note that the client is responsible for sizing the buffer appropriately. archive_read_data_into_fd() A convenience function that repeatedly calls archive_read_data_block() to copy the entire entry to the pro- vided file descriptor. The user and group IDs should be set on the restored file. By default, the user and group IDs are not restored. ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_PERM The permissions (mode bits) should be restored for all objects. By default, permissions are only restored for regular files. ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_TIME The timestamps (mtime, ctime, and atime) should be restored. By default, they are ignored. Note that restoring of atime is not currently supported. ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_NO_OVERWRITE Existing files on disk will not be overwritten. By default, existing regular files are truncated and over- written; existing directories will have their permissions updated; other pre-existing objects are unlinked and recreated from scratch. ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_UNLINK Existing files on disk will be unlinked and recreated from scratch. By default, existing files are truncated and rewritten, but the file is not recreated. In partic- ular, the default behavior does not break existing hard links. ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_ACL Attempt to restore ACLs. By default, extended ACLs are ignored. ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_FFLAGS Attempt to restore extended file flags. By default, file flags are ignored. Note that not all attributes are set immediately; some attributes are cached in memory and written to disk only when the archive is closed. (For example, read-only directories are initially cre- ated writable so that files within those directories can be restored. The final permissions are set when the archive is closed.) archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback() Sets a pointer to a user-defined callback that can be used for updating progress displays during extraction. The progress func- tion will be invoked during the extraction of large regular files. The progress function will be invoked with the pointer provided to this call. Generally, the data pointed to should include a reference to the archive object and the archive_entry object so that various statistics can be retrieved for the progress display. archive_read_close() Complete the archive and invoke the close callback. archive_read_finish() Invokes archive_read_close() if it was not invoked maually, then release all resources. Note that the library determines most of the relevant information about the archive by inspection. In particular, it automatically detects gzip(1) or bzip2(1) compression and transparently performs the appropri- ate decompression. It also automatically detects the archive format. A complete description of the struct archive and struct archive_entry objects can be found in the overview manual page for libarchive(3). typedef int archive_close_callback(struct archive *, void *client_data) The open callback is invoked by archive_open(). It should return ARCHIVE_OK if the underlying file or data source is successfully opened. If the open fails, it should call archive_set_error() to register an error code and message and return ARCHIVE_FATAL. The read callback is invoked whenever the library requires raw bytes from the archive. The read callback should read data into a buffer, set the const void **buffer argument to point to the available data, and return a count of the number of bytes available. The library will invoke the read callback again only after it has consumed this data. The library imposes no constraints on the size of the data blocks returned. On end-of-file, the read callback should return zero. On error, the read callback should invoke archive_set_error() to register an error code and message and return -1. The close callback is invoked by archive_close when the archive process- ing is complete. The callback should return ARCHIVE_OK on success. On failure, the callback should invoke archive_set_error() to register an error code and message and regurn ARCHIVE_FATAL.
EXAMPLE
The following illustrates basic usage of the library. In this example, the callback functions are simply wrappers around the standard open(2), read(2), and close(2) system calls. void list_archive(const char *name) { struct mydata *mydata; struct archive *a; struct archive_entry *entry; mydata = malloc(sizeof(struct mydata)); a = archive_read_new(); mydata->name = name; archive_read_support_compression_all(a); archive_read_support_format_all(a); archive_read_open(a, mydata, myopen, myread, myclose); while (archive_read_next_header(a, &entry) == ARCHIVE_OK) { printf("%s\n",archive_entry_pathname(entry)); archive_read_data_skip(a); } archive_read_finish(a); free(mydata); } ssize_t myread(struct archive *a, void *client_data, const void **buff) { struct mydata *mydata = client_data; *buff = mydata->buff; return (read(mydata->fd, mydata->buff, 10240)); } } int myclose(struct archive *a, void *client_data) { struct mydata *mydata = client_data; if (mydata->fd > 0) close(mydata->fd); return (0); }
RETURN VALUES
Most functions return zero on success, non-zero on error. The possible return codes include: ARCHIVE_OK (the operation succeeded), ARCHIVE_WARN (the operation succeeded but a non-critical error was encountered), ARCHIVE_EOF (end-of-archive was encountered), ARCHIVE_RETRY (the opera- tion failed but can be retried), and ARCHIVE_FATAL (there was a fatal error; the archive should be closed immediately). Detailed error codes and textual descriptions are available from the archive_errno() and archive_error_string() functions. archive_read_new() returns a pointer to a freshly allocated struct archive object. It returns NULL on error. archive_read_data() returns a count of bytes actually read or zero at the end of the entry. On error, a value of ARCHIVE_FATAL, ARCHIVE_WARN, or ARCHIVE_RETRY is returned and an error code and textual description can be retrieved from the archive_errno() and archive_error_string() func- tions. The library expects the client callbacks to behave similarly. If there is an error, you can use archive_set_error() to set an appropriate error code and description, then return one of the non-zero values above. (Note that the value eventually returned to the client may not be the same; many errors that are not critical at the level of basic I/O can prevent the archive from being properly read, thus most I/O errors even- tually cause ARCHIVE_FATAL to be returned.)
SEE ALSO
tar(1), archive(3), archive_util(3), tar(5)
HISTORY
The libarchive library first appeared in FreeBSD 5.3.
AUTHORS
The libarchive library was written by Tim Kientzle <kientzle@acm.org>.
BUGS
Directories are actually extracted in two distinct phases. Directories are created during archive_read_extract(), but final permissions are not set until archive_read_close(). This separation is necessary to cor- rectly handle borderline cases such as a non-writable directory contain- ing files, but can cause unexpected results. In particular, directory permissions are not fully restored until the archive is closed. If you use chdir(2) to change the current directory between calls to archive_read_extract() or before calling archive_read_close(), you may confuse the permission-setting logic with the result that directory per-
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