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fstab(5)

NAME

     fstab -- static information about the file systems

SYNOPSIS

     #include <fstab.h>

DESCRIPTION

     The file fstab contains descriptive information about the various file
     systems.  fstab is only read by programs, and not written; it is the duty
     of the system administrator to properly create and maintain this file.
     Each file system is described on a separate line; fields on each line are
     separated by tabs or spaces.  The order of records in fstab is important
     because fsck(8), mount(8), and umount(8) sequentially iterate through
     fstab doing their thing.

     The first field, (fs_spec), describes the block special device or remote
     file system to be mounted.  For file systems of type ufs, the special
     file name is the block special file name, and not the character special
     file name.  If a program needs the character special file name, the pro-
     gram must create it by appending a ``r'' after the last ``/'' in the spe-
     cial file name.

     The second field, (fs_file), describes the mount point for the file sys-
     tem.  For swap partitions, this field should be specified as ``none''.

     The third field, (fs_vfstype), describes the type of the file system.
     The system can support various file system types.	Only the root, /usr,
     and /tmp file systems need be statically compiled into the kernel; every-
     thing else will be automatically loaded at mount time.  (Exception: the
     UFS family - FFS and LFS cannot currently be demand-loaded.)  Some people
     still prefer to statically compile other file systems as well.

     The fourth field, (fs_mntops), describes the mount options associated
     with the file system.  It is formatted as a comma separated list of
     options.  It contains at least the type of mount (see fs_type below) plus
     any additional options appropriate to the file system type.  See the
     options flag (-o) in the mount(8) page and the file system specific page,
     such as mount_nfs(8), for additional options that may be specified.

     If the options ``userquota'' and/or ``groupquota'' are specified, the
     file system is automatically processed by the quotacheck(8) command, and
     user and/or group disk quotas are enabled with quotaon(8).  By default,
     file system quotas are maintained in files named quota.user and
     quota.group which are located at the root of the associated file system.
     These defaults may be overridden by putting an equal sign and an alterna-
     tive absolute pathname following the quota option.  Thus, if the user
     quota file for /tmp is stored in /var/quotas/tmp.user, this location can
     be specified as:

	   userquota=/var/quotas/tmp.user

     If the option ``noauto'' is specified, the file system will not be auto-
     matically mounted at system startup.  Note that, for network file systems
     of third party types (i.e., types supported by additional software not
     included in the base system) to be automatically mounted at system
     startup, the extra_netfs_types rc.conf(5) variable must be used to extend
     the rc(8) startup script's list of network file system types.
     and fs_type are unused.  If fs_type is specified as ``xx'' the entry is
     ignored.  This is useful to show disk partitions which are currently
     unused.

     The fifth field, (fs_freq), is used for these file systems by the dump(8)
     command to determine which file systems need to be dumped.  If the fifth
     field is not present, a value of zero is returned and dump will assume
     that the file system does not need to be dumped.

     The sixth field, (fs_passno), is used by the fsck(8) program to determine
     the order in which file system checks are done at reboot time.  The root
     file system should be specified with a fs_passno of 1, and other file
     systems should have a fs_passno of 2.  File systems within a drive will
     be checked sequentially, but file systems on different drives will be
     checked at the same time to utilize parallelism available in the hard-
     ware.  If the sixth field is not present or is zero, a value of zero is
     returned and fsck(8) will assume that the file system does not need to be
     checked.

     #define FSTAB_RW	     "rw"    /* read/write device */
     #define FSTAB_RQ	     "rq"    /* read/write with quotas */
     #define FSTAB_RO	     "ro"    /* read-only device */
     #define FSTAB_SW	     "sw"    /* swap device */
     #define FSTAB_XX	     "xx"    /* ignore totally */

     struct fstab {
	     char    *fs_spec;	     /* block special device name */
	     char    *fs_file;	     /* file system path prefix */
	     char    *fs_vfstype;    /* File system type, ufs, nfs */
	     char    *fs_mntops;     /* Mount options ala -o */
	     char    *fs_type;	     /* FSTAB_* from fs_mntops */
	     int     fs_freq;	     /* dump frequency, in days */
	     int     fs_passno;      /* pass number on parallel fsck */
     };

     The proper way to read records from fstab is to use the routines
     getfsent(3), getfsspec(3), getfstype(3), and getfsfile(3).

FILES

     /etc/fstab  The file fstab resides in /etc.

SEE ALSO

     getfsent(3), getvfsbyname(3), dump(8), fsck(8), mount(8), quotacheck(8),
     quotaon(8), swapon(8), umount(8)

HISTORY

     The fstab file format appeared in 4.0BSD.

FreeBSD 5.4			 June 5, 1993			   FreeBSD 5.4

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